Appendix
Self-report Hierarchy Psious Environments:
Patient house + Taxi to the Airport
| ITEM | LEVEL OF DISCOMFORT (0-100) |
|---|---|
| I am at home on a sunny day and I see the weather forecast. | |
| As I go by taxi to the airport I listen to the forecast weather, which says that we are going to have a very sunny day with a good temperature. | |
| While I am watching the news at home on a sunny day, a news item appears about a plane crash. | |
| I am at home on a rainy day and I see the weather forecast. | |
| The taxi arrives to pick me up and go to the airport on a clear night. | |
| I get out of the taxi because I have already arrived at the airport, and I see that it continues to be a very bad day, it has not stopped raining. | |
| As I go by taxi to the airport I listen to the night weather forecast, which says that the sky is going to be clear all morning. | |
| I am at home on a rainy night and I see the weather forecast. | |
| While I am watching the news at home on a night of Spejada, a news story appears about a plane crash. | |
| I get out of the taxi because I have already arrived at the airport, and I have to hurry because the night is still very rainy. | |
| The taxi arrives to pick me up and go to the airport on a sunny day. | |
| I get out of the taxi because I have already reached the airport, and I see that the day is very sunny. | |
| While I’m watching the news at home on a rainy day, a story appears about a plane crash. | |
| Taxi arrives to pick up and go to the airport on a rainy day. | |
| Off the taxi because I have already arrived at the airport, and I see that the night is very clear. | |
| The taxi arrives to pick me up and go to the airport on a night with a lot of rain. | |
| As I go by taxi to the airport I listen to the weather forecast, which says that today is going It will be a very rainy day. | |
| I am at home on a clear night and I see the weather forecast. | |
| As I go by taxi to the airport I listen to the night weather forecast, which says that there will continue to be a storm all night long. | |
| While I’m watching the news at home on a rainy night, a news story about a plane crash appears. |
Self-report Hierarchy Psious Environments:
Boarding Gate
| ITEM | LEVEL OF DISCOMFORT (0-100) |
|---|---|
| I’m at the airport boarding gate, very Good day and I don’t have many people around me. I go to look at the panels to find my flight number. | |
| As there is hardly anyone at the boarding gate, I calmly look out the window to see the planes that are leaving, and also I see that today it is very sunny today. | |
| I am at the boarding gate from the airport, it is a clear night and I don’t have many people around me. I go to look at the panels to find my flight number. | |
| I am at the airport gate, it is a stormy night and there are quite a few people around me. I go to look at the panels to find my flight number. | |
| I move around the room, which is quite crowded, until I find a chair to sit in.spending. | |
| Aftera while at the gate, seeing that the night is very clear, I listen to the boarding call and leave the hall, which is quite empty. | |
| I am at the airport gate, the day is very rainy and I do not have many people around me. I turn to look at the panels to find my flight number. | |
| I left him plenty of people there at the gate, and looked out the window to watch the planes come out, and also see that the night is clear. | |
| I’m in the airport gate, it is a very good day and I have a lot of people around me. I go to look at the panels to find my flight number. | |
| As there is hardly anyone at the gate, I calmly look out the window to see the planes that are leaving, and also I see that the day is very rainy. | |
| I am moving around the room, which is almost empty, until I find a chair to sit. | |
| After spending some time at the gate, watching the good day he does, I hear the boarding call and left the room, which is quite crowded. | |
| I’m in the airport gate, the day is very rainy and there are many people around me. I go to look at the panels to look for my flight number. | |
| After sitting for a while at the gate, seeing how it is raining tonight, I listen to the boarding call and leave the room, which is quite crowded. | |
| I separate myself from the crowd of people at the gate, and I look out the window to see the planes that are leaving, and also I see that the night is very rainy. | |
| After being awhile at the gate, seeing how rainy it is today day, I listen to the boarding call and I leave the room, which is quite crowded. | |
| I separate myself from the crowd of people at the boarding gate, and I look out the window to see the planes that are leaving, and also I see that today it is very sunny. | |
| After spending a while at the gate, seeing how it is raining tonight, I hear the boarding call and leave the hall, which is quite empty. | |
| I am at the boarding gate of the airport, it is a stormy night and I don’t have many people around me or. I turn to look at the panels to find my flight number. | |
| I left him plenty of people there at the gate, and looked out the window to watch the planes come out, and also see that the day is very rainy. | |
| as not there is hardly anyone at the gate, I calmly look out the window to see the planes that are leaving, and also I see that the night is very clear. | |
| After spending a while at the gate, seeing that the night is very clear, I listen to the boarding call and leave the room, which is quite crowded. | |
| As there is hardly anyone at the gate, I calmly look out the window to see the planes that are leaving, and also I see that the night is very rainy. | |
| After spending some time at the gate, seeing how rainy it is today, I hear the boarding call and leave the hall, which is quite empty. | |
| I am at the gate of the airport, it is a clear night and there are many people around me. I go to look at the panels to look for my flight number. | |
| After sitting for a while at the boarding gate, seeing the fine day it is, I listen to the boarding call and leave the room, which is quite empty. |
Self-report Hierarchy Psious Environments:
Plane
| ITEM | LEVEL OF DISCOMFORT (0-100) |
|---|---|
| I am inside the plane, sitting in the window and with few people around me. Suddenly, while I see out of the window that it is a very good day, the stewardesses begin to give the safety instructions and the plane is moving down the runway. | |
| The plane I am sitting in is quite empty, and I am sitting in the front, in the hallway. Through the windows I can see that the weather is very good, and suddenly the captain announces that we have arrived at our destination and that we are going to land. Just then, the landing begins. | |
| Upon entering the plane, I sat in the middle of two more passengers, and listened to the storm that is today. Although there are quite a few people, nobody says anything, and after we get on the runway, the plane starts accelerating for takeoff. | |
| I find myself inside the plane, sitting in the window and with many people around me. Suddenly, while I see out the window that the day is very rainy, the hostesses begin to give the safety instructions and the plane is moving down the runway. | |
| On the plane I am on there are many people, I sit in the middle of two passengers. In addition to the sound of the plane, I hear how it is raining outside, and suddenly a ding is heard. | |
| I am in the middle of a normal flight, and from my seat behind the plane I can see the number of people there. I also see that there is a storm, and suddenly I hear a boy who says he makes some anxious comment regarding the fact of flying. | |
| I find myself inside the plane, sitting in the window and with many people around me. Suddenly, as I see through the window that it is a very good day, the stewardesses begin to give the security instructions and the plane is moving down the runway. | |
| I am sitting in the window, so I see that it is very sunny. There are a lot of people and I hear how a boy comments that he is afraid to fly, and then the pilot reports that we are going to take off. The engines are heard, the plane accelerates and we take off. | |
| I am sitting in the middle of the plane, in the hall. It is night and I hear how much it rains. Also, there are many people, and a boy says that he is very afraid to travel by plane, and that he is anxious. Suddenly, the plane begins to move a lot, there are many turbulences. | |
| I have entered the plane and I have sat in the corridor, and through the window I can see how the night is very dark and it is raining a lot. Suddenly, the stewardesses begin to give the safety instructions and the plane moves down the runway. | |
| Although I am sitting in the middle of two passengers, I see out the window that the day is very rainy. There are many people on the plane, and then the pilot announces that we are already arriving and proceeds to start landing. | |
| I am sitting in the window and near the wing, so I see that it is very sunny. There are enough people but nobody says anything, and then the pilot reports that we are going to take off. The engines are heard, the plane accelerates andoff | |
| We are already in the air, and from my window seat I can see a very clear sky. The flight is quite normal, there are no incidents but there are many people on the plane. | |
| From my seat at the end of the plane I can see that there are not many people, and although I hear the flight it is still quiet. Suddenly, I start to notice some turbulence, but it doesn’t last long. | |
| I’m in my seat, in the hallway, and in the back of the plane. It is a very good day, and the plane is quite full. When we head to the runway for takeoff, I hear a boy saying that he is afraid of taking off. Just then, takeoff begins. | |
| Sitting in the window seat, I can see how the night is very dark because it rains a lot. The plane is quite full, and when the commander announces that we are going to start landing, I hear someone comment that the moment of landing creates a lot of anxiety. | |
| I am in the middle of a flight that at the moment is very normal, although through the window I can see that there is a storm. Since there are not many people, the atmosphere is quite calm. | |
| I am on a plane with few people, sitting in the hallway. I hear how someone comments that it is a very good day, but then another person says that he is nervous about traveling by plane. Suddenly, I hear a kind of ding. | |
| I am on a plane with few people, in the middle of a fairly calm flight. Through the window of my seat I can see that it is a very good day. Suddenly, I hear how a boy says that he is afraid of landing, that it is dangerous. | |
| There are few people on the flight I am on, and I see from my window that the weather is good. Everything is fine until suddenly the plane moves a lot, there is a lot of turbulence. | |
| While I’m in the middle of a fairly normal flight, looking out the window on a good day today, a ding is suddenly heard, but since there are few passengers it seems nobody pays attention to him. | |
| I’m sitting towards the end of the plane, which is quite empty, and through the window I can see that today is a very good day. Suddenly I hear how a boy near me comments that he is afraid of landing, and just then the pilot announces that we have arrived and starts landing. | |
| I am sitting in the middle of the plane, next to a window, from what I see there is good weather. The flight is quite normal, but suddenly there is some turbulence. | |
| I am sitting in the window seat, avoiding looking at how much it is raining tonight. On the plane there are quite a few people, and in the distance I hear someone talk about the anxiety caused by traveling by plane. Suddenly a ding is heard near me. |
Psycho-educational dossier on flight phobia
The phobia of flying is classified, in the current diagnostic systems of mental disorders, as a specific phobia of situational type. It is an intense and persistent fear that is considered excessive or irrational and that is usually triggered by anticipation or having to face a flying situation.
Nowadays, the phobia of flying is very widespread among the population, which can range in experience from a slight discomfort at the moment of flying, to a real terror at the idea of getting on a plane, which makes it impossible to make this type of trip. In fact, according to recent American data, 10% of people have an intense fear of
flying and avoid doing so, while nearly 15% fly with considerable discomfort; those with phobia may account for 2.6 to 3.5% of the adult population.
Among the most common fears are the possibility of an accident (and therefore death), the feeling of being locked in a very small place, the instability of the plane itself, the height at which one flies, or even losing control (e.g. experiencing a panic attack during flight). To deal with this situation, defence and avoidance strategies are often adopted.
It is important to highlight that among the variables that affect the intensity of the fear are: size and type of aircraft, the appearance of turbulence, aircraft noise, atmospheric conditions, time of day, season, delays and the reason for them, location of the seat, time of take-off and landing, duration of the flight, the company of a trusted person and a long etc.
Exposure techniques (combined with techniques such as relaxation or cognitive restructuring) have shown the highest success rate in treating flight phobia. In spite of this, in this phobia it is difficult to carry out systematic live exposure, both because of economic aspects and because of the difficulty of grading situations, some of which depend on factors outside the healthcare professional .
In this context, Virtual Reality is a particularly suitable tool. Firstly, live exposure is too complex and costly in terms of time, money and effort, and a repetition of the exposure is rarely possible. Furthermore, it is not possible to make a graduated live exhibition as flying is an all/nothing dichotomous decision. In these cases, imaginative exposure is often used, although this treatment may not be very effective, as there are great differences in the capacity for imagination. Secondly, in Virtual Reality exposure the healthcare professional can control the different parameters of the flight such as its duration, weather conditions, turbulence, etc. These characteristics, among others, make flying phobia an ideal candidate for exposure therapy using the Psious.
Relaxation self- assessment
Name: ______________________
Date: _______________________
| Date | Time | Degree of relaxation (0-100) Before | Degree of relaxation (0-100) After | Time spent | Difficulties or Commentsrios |
Negative thoughts self-assessment
Name: ______________________
Date: _______________________
| Date | Time | Activity being performed | Thoughts | Anxiety level (0-10) | Grade belief (0-10) |
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